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Bothrops venom
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by Hellemar on April 28, 2002
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Hi,
I have a question about Bothrops neuwiedi diporus venom. I havenīt found any information about their venom but I reckon that some of you guys can help me out...
What I need to know is... everything... :)
And to compared to Bothrops atrox/asper/alternatus - where does it stand ?
Thanks; Henke :)
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RE: Bothrops venom
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by Rabies on April 28, 2002
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The following is from Austrailian venom & toxin database web site.
B.neuwiedi(jararaca pintada)
A very common Argentinian snake, while not being particularly toxic is responsible for many bites and is a significant clinical factor. The main clinical signs are local edema followed by necrosis and sloughing of the skin. (Mendez and Riet 1995) Patient present hemorrhagic necrosis at the envenomization site and considerable bleeding from venous puncture sites. This is accompanied by severe defibrination syndrome, fibrinogen is not measurable by clotting time assays. Fibrin degradation products are greatly elevated. In vitro experiments revealed that B. neuwiedi venom directly activates Factors II and X, but does not activate Factor XIII. In vivo consumption of Factor XIII after B. neuwiedi envenomization is ascribed to the action of Factor IIa. At low venom concentrations clotting is initiated by activation of prothrombin by the venom either directly or via Factor X activation. Treatment with heparin might be beneficial in coagulopathy secondary to snake bite by reducing circulating active thrombin. The venom contains thrombin-like proteases which cause slow clotting of fibrinogen, and plasmin- like components causing further proteolysis of fibrinogen and fibrin. Antivenom has no effect on the proteolytic action of the snake venom. The in vivo effects of antivenom are presumably caused by acceleration of the elimination of venom components from the circulation. Intravenous administration of antivenom caused normalization of blood coagulation parameters within 48 h. (Dempfle et al. 1990)
NHF is the major hemorrhagic factor. The factors of Bothrops species seem to be structurally similar. The hemorrhagic proteins from the venoms of Lachesis, North American Crotalus, Asian Trimeresurus and Agkistrodon species show some resemblance to the Bothrops factors. The venom hemorrhagic principles from snakes of the Viperinae subfamily (Bitis and Vipera species) might have few epitopes similar to those of Bothrops species as the only relation shown is the partial neutralization by the immune sera. [Mandelbaum, #538]
Isozymes P-1 and P-2are PLA2s that induce edema (Daniele et al. 1995)
A prothrombin activator from the venom of Bothrops neuwiedi has also been purified. Results indicate that the venom activator belongs to the metalloproteinases. The structural and functional properties of the venom prothrombin activator from B. neuwiedi are similar to those reported for the venom activator from Echis carinatus. (Govers et al. 1987)
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